Anti Obesity Medications vs Bariatric Surgery for Weight Loss

Anti obesity medications

Struggling with obesity is a common challenge that affects millions worldwide, often leading to severe health complications like diabetes, heart disease, and joint pain. 

With advancements in medical science, people looking to lose weight now have various options at their disposal, including anti-obesity medications and bariatric surgery. Both approaches promote significant weight loss, but which is the best fit for you? 

In this article, we’ll explore these two methods to help you make an informed decision about your weight loss journey.

What is Obesity?

Obesity is a medical condition which is characterized by excessive body fat that may negatively impact health. It is typically measured with Body Mass Index (BMI), where a BMI of 30 and above signifies obesity.

This condition is linked to numerous health complications, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke, sleep apnea, and more.

Types of Obesity Based on BMI

  • Normal Weight: BMI 18.5 to 24.9
  • Overweight: BMI 25 to 29.9
  • Class 1 Obesity: BMI 30 to 34.9
  • Class 2 Obesity: BMI 35 to 39.9
  • Class 3 Obesity: BMI 40 and above

Class 3 obesity is also known as morbid or severe obesity.

What are Obesity Symptoms?

Obesity doesn’t just affect your appearance; it can also lead to several symptoms and complications, including:

  • Difficulty with physical activity due to excess weight
  • Shortness of breath, even with minor physical activity
  • Joint pain
  • Difficulty sleeping or experiencing sleep apnea
  • Emotional distress, including feelings of low self-esteem or depression

Addressing obesity early can help manage these symptoms and reduce the risk of related complications.

Two Approaches of Obesity Treatment: Bariatric Surgery and Anti-Obesity Medications

Bariatric surgery and anti-obesity medications are two significant approaches to managing different causes of obesity. Each has its own mechanisms, benefits, and ways of helping individuals achieve and maintain weight loss.

What is Bariatric Surgery?

Bariatric surgery refers to a surgical procedure aimed at promoting weight loss in individuals suffering from severe obesity. It is used to restrict the stomach and reshape the gastrointestinal tract so it can hold less food and absorb fewer nutrients.

Typically, bariatric surgery is recommended for those with:

  • a BMI of 35 or above
  • a BMI of 30 or above who also experience obesity-related health issues, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, or sleep apnea.

There are different types of bariatric surgeries performed:

Sleeve Gastrectomy

This procedure removes a significant portion of the stomach to form a small, sleeve-shaped pouch. This restricts food intake and alters the hormones that regulate hunger.

Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass

This method creates a small pouch from the stomach that is directly connected to the small intestine, bypassing a large part of the stomach to facilitate weight loss.

One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass

A simplified version of gastric bypass, this technique creates a small stomach pouch connected to a loop of the small intestine.

Adolescent Bariatric Surgery

Addresses childhood obesity in adolescents, using surgical procedures like sleeve gastrectomy or gastric bypass to promote significant weight loss.

What are Anti Obesity Medications?

Anti obesity medications are designed to assist individuals in losing weight by influencing appetite, cravings, metabolism, or fat absorption. 

These medications, like Mounjaro, Ozempic and Wegovy, are typically prescribed as part of a weight management plan that incorporates dietary modifications and increased physical activity.

How Do Anti Obesity Medications Compare to Bariatric Surgery?

 

Anti Obesity Medications

Bariatric Surgery

Mechanism

These drugs work by altering appetite, metabolism, or fat absorption.

This surgical intervention physically alters the digestive system, either by restricting stomach size or by bypassing parts of the digestive tract.

Effectiveness

While effective for many, the weight loss achieved with medications is typically less than that seen with surgery.

Generally, surgery result in more significant and sustained weight loss and have a higher potential for resolving obesity-related conditions.

Side Effects

Gastrointestinal issues, nausea, Vomiting, reflux, diarrhea, constipation, increased heart rate, insomnia, and mood changes.

Nutritional deficiencies, dumping syndrome, and surgical-based risks.

Long-Term Commitment

Long term treatment is the default as weight regain is very high after stopping medications

While the surgery provides a tool for weight loss, long-term success relies heavily on lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise.

Can You Combine Anti Obesity Medications With Bariatric Surgery?

Yes, anti-obesity medications can be combined with bariatric surgery in certain cases. 

Sometimes it is used as a prelude to lose weight in extremely high BMI to prepare patients for surgery- A bridge towards surgery. 

This approach may enhance weight loss and improve health outcomes, particularly for patients who have yet to achieve the desired results with surgery alone. Medications like Wegovy or Ozempic may be prescribed post-surgery to support further weight loss and help maintain it. 

However, it’s essential to consult a bariatric surgeon to tailor a plan based on individual needs.

What Factors to Consider When Choosing Obesity Treatment?

hen choosing an obesity treatment, several factors should be considered to ensure the selected approach aligns with individual needs and health goals:

  • Cost and insurance coverage
  • Degree of obesity or BMI
  • Medical conditions, like diabetes, hypertension, or sleep apnea
  • Weight loss goals
  • Long-term maintenance
  • Potential risks and side effects

Looking for Weight Loss Solutions in Dubai? Consult Dr Balaji Nagammapudur

For personalised guidance on the most suitable treatment for you, consult Dr Balaji Nagammapudur. 

With over 30 years of experience specialising in bariatric surgery in Dubai, Dr. Balaji is dedicated to helping patients achieve healthier lives through tailored surgical solutions. Whether you’re considering anti-obesity medications or surgical options, his genuine approach ensures you receive the best advice for your unique circumstances. 

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